Extending the lifecycle of mosquito nets beyond distribution

Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are among the most widely used tools for malaria prevention. As programmes replace ageing nets, understanding how they are reused, recycled or disposed of can help inform more sustainable approaches across the net lifecycle.

The impact of a mosquito net in a malaria-affected household depends on more than its presence. How nets are maintained in daily life, how long they remain effective, and what happens when they reach the end of their useful life all influence malaria outcomes and environmental impact.

A study conducted in 2024 as part of Project NetWorks explored how mosquito nets are used throughout their life in household settings. Conducted by Ipsos and Impact Santé Afrique across selected districts in Nigeria and Rwanda, the study identified opportunities to strengthen guidance on net care and improve systems for collecting and managing nets at the end of their useful life.

In 2025, Vestergaard shared the findings with partners in Nigeria and Rwanda, where they informed national discussions and contributed to the development of a country-specific Action Plan in Nigeria. The evidence supported dialogue among government authorities, public health programmes and other partners on how to extend the life of a mosquito net long after they have been distributed.

The study reinforced that the value of mosquito nets extends beyond distribution alone. Clear guidance on use and care, coordinated end-of-life systems, and shared responsibility across institutions can help maintain malaria protection while reducing environmental harm.