The first LLIN on the market with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) – a synergist which overcomes mosquitoes’ resistance to pyrethroid insecticides
Early in our journey to end malaria, we recognised the threat insecticide resistance would pose to any progress toward eradication or elimination of the disease. In 2007, we introduced the first PBO LLIN to market. Compared to a pyrethroid-only net, a PBO LLIN has an increased killing effect on malaria vectors that have become resistant to pyrethroid insecticides and more effectively reduces malaria incidence and prevalence. PermaNet® 3.0 demonstrated efficacy in lab studies, experimental hut studies and long term field trials across malaria-endemic countries and with a range of mosquito species and insecticide resistance levels. PermaNet 3.0 was part of a large-scale randomised control trial in Uganda in areas with moderate to high insecticide resistance. Backed by 10 years of research, PermaNet® 3.0 is effective during its intended lifetime of 3 years thanks to our controlled release design that ensures continuous bioavailability of PBO and delthamethrin on the fabric surface. PermaNet 3.0 is prequalified by WHO (Reference 005-002).
The market’s most deployed and most widely tested PBO LLIN.
Designed with a patented blue roof that allows for the controlled release of the active ingredients and provides sustained bioavailability of both deltamethrin and PBO on the net surface throughout the intended product lifetime.
Verified concentration of PBO of 5-10 g/kg at the end of the 3-year use period and optimal regeneration of PBO on the surface fabric within 24 hours or 1 day after washing.
Increased efficacy against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors with cytochrome P450-based metabolic resistance, with or without kdr resistance.
In development of the product claim, PermaNet 3.0 submitted and was reviewed at the second meeting of the vector control advisory group (VCAG) in Geneva, Switzerland (2014).
The vector control group of the WHO Prequalification Team (PQT-VC) works in close cooperation with national regulatory agencies and partner organizations, to ensure that quality vector control products are available to those who urgently need them. Click the button for the PQ listing on the WHO’s site.
A substantial body of scientific evidence demonstrates the increased efficacy of the PBO LLIN, PermaNet® 3.0 against pyrethroid resistant malaria mosquitoes (compared with pyrethroid only LLINs). Scientific publications include lab, semi-field, and community studies.
WHOPES Phase III are prospective three-year studies. The studies conducted on PermaNet® 3.0 in Ghana, India, and Kenya confirm the long lasting efficacy, fabric integrity, and community acceptability of PermaNet® 3.0.
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